![]() Also, in English, the same letter can represent more than one sound, depending on the word (e.g., the /a/ sounds are different in the words “mat” and “mate”). There are many letters to learn the sounds of, and there are many ways to arrange the letters to produce the vast number of different words used in print. Learning and applying the alphabetic principle takes time and is difficult for most children. This allows them to focus their attention on understanding the meaning of the text, which is the primary purpose of reading. In typical reading development, children learn to use the alphabetic principle fluently and automatically. The alphabetic principle is critical in reading and understanding the meaning of text. Phonological recoding is knowing how to translate the letters in printed words into the sounds they make to read and pronounce the words accurately. Learning to read and write becomes easier when sounds associated with letters are recognized automatically.Īlphabetic understanding is knowing that words are made up of letters that represent the sounds of speech. To master the alphabetic principle, readers must have phonological awareness skills and be able to recognize individual sounds in spoken words. Letters in words tell us how to correctly “sound out” (i.e., read) and write words. View all licence free (pmr446) 0.Connecting letters with their sounds to read and write is called the “ alphabetic principle.” For example, a child who knows that the written letter “m” makes the /mmm/ sound is demonstrating the alphabetic principle.HANDY PRINTABLE GRAPHIC OF THE NATO PHONETIC ALPHABET It is now very widely used by all types of "professional communicators" including air traffic control, the police and other emergency services, shipping, etc and in all types of business. They had to make sure that each chosen word sounded different to the others, and was easily pronounceable by speakers of all the European languages, not just in English. It is called the "NATO" alphabet because it was standardised by the NATO member countries back in the 1950s to allow accurate exchange of radio messages between air, naval and army forces of all the NATO member nations. Numbers are pronounced as normal, except often 9 is pronounced " Niner" so it doesn't get confused with 5. The standard "NATO" phonetic alphabet (actually the International Radio-Telephony Spelling Alphabet) is:Īlfa, Bravo, Charlie, Delta, Echo, Foxtrot, Golf, Hotel, India, Juliett, Kilo, Lima, Mike, November, Oscar, Papa, Quebec, Romeo, Sierra, Tango, Uniform, Victor, Whiskey, X-ray, Yankee, Zulu. ![]() The "NATO" / ICAO / ITU Phonetic Alphabet / Army Alphabet / Police Alphabet Using the phonetic alphabet to spell out names, locations and so on makes accurately understanding messages a lot easier, because many letters can be easily confused when heard over a crackly radio link (B, C, D, P, T and M, N and F, S, etc). ![]() When you are spelling out a name, location, code, registration number, postcode etc, over a noisy or faint radio or phone link, it is easy for letters and numbers to be misheard. ![]() Standard Phonetic Alphabets Used For Radio & Telephone Using Phonetic Alphabets Helps Convey Information Accurately Over Walkie-Talkie Radio ![]()
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